Nowadays, the growing need for high-speed networks has necessitated the existence of a secure and high-speed network, as one of the main pillars. The introduction of optical fiber and its data transmission has made possible designing the high-speed networks with data transmission capability, the speed of which can be increased as needed.
In general, it is possible to develop the required platform, using optical fiber and FTTX technology. The platform, which includes Splitter and optical fiber, allows users to work with high-speed devices.
The backbone itself is a LAN, it uses a LAN protocol such as ethernet, hence each connection in the backbone is itself another LAN. The two very commonly used architectures are: Bus backbone, Star backbone. These are explained as following below.

1. Bus Backbone:
In Bus backbone the topology used for the backbone is bus topology. the Bus backbone structure is used as a distribution backbone for connecting different buildings in an organization. each building may have either a single LAN or another backbone which comes in star backbone. the structure is a bridge based (bridge is the connecting device) backbone with four LANs.
2. Star Backbone:
The topology of this backbone is star topology. the backbone is simply a switch which is used to connect various LANs. The switch does the job of backbone and connect the LANs as well. This type of backbone are basically used as distribution backbone inside a building.